Dermal fillers are second only to botulinum toxin as the most popular non-invasive aesthetic treatments, with hyaluronic acid (HA) and calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA and CaHA(+)) ranking as the most...
CMC is a natural material derived from cellulose; it is not cross-linked, and is nontoxic. It is a recognised pharmaceutical excipient.
As aforementioned, the unmasking of the tear trough and lid–cheek junction is related to soft tissue volume deflation with age.
The normal wound healing cascade consists roughly of four phases: the hemostasis phase, inflammatory phase, the proliferative phase, and the maturational stage. The hemostasis and inflammatory stages...
Laser treatment of acne scars can be divided into two main categories: ablative and non-ablative (Table 1). Thermal injury delivered by lasers leads to stimulation of dermal fibroblasts, which...
For many years, it has been considered normal practice to function without any access to imaging, except in rare circumstances. This would typically relate to the occurrence of a persistent nodule or...
To ensure the safety and quality of medical devices, there are regulations that must be adhered to so that manufacturers can bring them to market. These regulations are implemented differently in...
In both cases, the search methodology began with a strategy to identify any existing systematic reviews on either substance or brand (as reported above). Peer-reviewed available evidence found since...
The process of facial aging is complex and is a cumulative effect of simultaneous changes of different facial tissues. It can be explained on an anatomical basis, as changes with aging occur at every...
An important process is assessment, planning and implementing (Seitz et al, 2019). As responsible practitioners, we must ask ourselves valuable questions during an examination. Although lip...
When precision of supraperiosteal placement of a filler with a sharp needle was compared with a non-traumatic cannula in cadaver specimens, the cannula was shown to be more precise in placement of the...
So what makes patients seek out cheek augmentation, or actually do they do that at all? Many aesthetic practitioners will have experienced patients presenting to clinic requesting erasure of their...
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