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Polynucleotides: the crucial biomolecules bridging therapeutics and aesthetics

02 November 2023
Volume 12 · Issue 9

Abstract

Polynucleotides, the key building blocks of life, have a fascinating history and broad range of applications spanning from the realm of medicine to aesthetics. This article explores the intricacies of these biological polymers, delves into the ethical considerations associated with their use, and offers insights into their medicinal and aesthetic potential.

Polynucleotides are large biological molecules composed of a series of monomer units called nucleotides, each comprising a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose); a phosphate group; and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil). Each nucleotide is connected to the next by a phosphodiester bond, forming a chain that can be many millions of nucleotides long. The sequence of these bases along the polynucleotide chain constitutes the genetic code (Watson and Crick, 1953b; Watson and Crick, 1953a).

There are two main types of polynucleotides, DNA and RNA (Figure 1). DNA carries the genetic blueprint of life, holding the instructions necessary for an organism's development, survival, and reproduction. RNA, on the other hand, carries out the instructions encoded in DNA by synthesizing proteins, which are crucial to an organism's structure and function. The unique structure of polynucleotides allows for the replication and transmission of genetic information from generation to generation (Watson and Crick, 1953b; Watson and Crick, 1953a).

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